Publications
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PDF The 2004 EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard
This first EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard lists the research investments of the top 500 EU and top 500 non-EU… Show more corporate R&D investors, calculated at the consolidated group level (i.e. companies whose ultimate parent is registered either inside or outside the EU), based on annual audited company reports and accounts published up to 31 July 2004. Show less
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PDF Europe’s Technology Sovereignty and the Role of Knowledge Diffusion in Global Value Chains
The rise of China as the ‘workshop of the world’, combined with experiences with supply shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic,… Show more have led to a re-assessment in recent years of the dependencies of countries on foreign sources of technology. This study seeks to contribute to this discussion by analysing technology dependency in a global value-chain framework. We employ input-output and R&D investment data to assess how dependency on imported R&D inputs has developed over the last decade. Our results indicate that there has been no general trend towards greater technological dependency on foreign R&D. In the last decade, the share of imported R&D in total R&D increased in around half of the countries in the analysis and remained unchanged in the United States and in the EU-27. Both the EU-27 and United States show comparable levels of dependency on foreign sources of technology. At industry level, low-tech sectors revealed the highest rates of dependency on foreign sources of technology. The data also confirm that dependency on China for imported R&D has at least doubled in most countries over the last decade. China, in contrast, was able to reduce its own dependence on foreign sources of technology in the past decade dependency due to fast-growing domestic R&D investments. In addition, regional integration in technology flows between Asian countries is much greater today than it was 10 years ago. Show less